Waqf is one of social service through the issuance of the property is very important in Islam. Waqf is a religious treasure that is realized in the form of fixed assets or the value of the benefit in the long term. In the glories of Islamic history, waqf have become one of the cantilever dynamics of Muslim life. Waqf in the past generally functioned to support the provision of social facilities and public facilities for the community.
Various social facilities and public facilities has filled many of the waqf property. Buildings and places such as mosques, Islamic schools, boarding schools, nursing orphans, graves, fields, and roads are examples of community needs that come from waqf. To meet the availability of these waqf, the community generally give waqf in the form of land, buildings, or money used to purchase / provide land, buildings or equipment for the public benefit. All of waqf management scheme described above is the pattern of conventional management of waqf.
Namely the social-oriented management of waqf, because the use of waqf for public purposes or public interests directly. In the conventional management model waqf this happens the cost to the operational management needs of fund everyday to be subsidized from other funds (such as infaq and alms). In the model of social-conventional management of waqf is not the case process and economic benefits of asset waqf. The second transformation in the management of waqf is when there is development of cash waqf (Cash Waqf popularized by MA Mannan with his Social Investmen bank is well known in Bangladesh. In Indonesia Cash Waqf then used the term money waqf, it is the collection of charitable efforts in the form of money which was subsequently stored in the Islamic financial institutions (such as Sharia banks, Baitul Maal wa Tamwil, sharia micro finance) which is generally stored in form of deposits.
The investment income from the deposit is then used to finance social activities, such as helping poor people, subsidies to operational mosque or islamic boarding school. In this development, the waqf of money has also been utilizing a broader monetary sector for investment. Besides the bank, investing in sharia mutual funds, Islamic bonds, Islamic stock markets, and other Islamic monetary sectors. Of course all the basic requirements for charitable transactions, namely that the principal waqf should not be lost, always used as reference in charitable investments in the monetary sector.
In the next transformation, the management of waqf also entered the productive phase. In the model of productive waqf, asset waqf are for the provision of commercial assets that produce revenue or profits. To further revenue or profit is used to finance activities providing education in a school, health services in hospitals or medical clinics, providing food assistance to refugees, orphans, or to help the poor.
As for assets that were pledged as waqf investments include office, kiosks, markets, parking lots, factories, plantations, trees and perennials that produce many more. In the past, probably a lot of investment in productive waqf are not yet practiced. Now, in addition to this useful productive asset waqf generate revenues or profits for social purposes, as well as create new jobs for the community. Waqf have multiple benefits of productive, that is flowing to waqf donors reward. shaping employment through business activities and generate income in order to subsidize social activities. All of this transformation, has been and is being undertaken by Tabung Waqf Indonesia (TW1) as an organization under the management of Dompet Dhuafa the past five years continue to rip off the power of waqf in the community. TWI with other actors waqf in Indonesia trying to implement as one of the economic potential of communities that have religious and social dimensions as well.
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